Develop when oxygen delivery to the tissues is inadequate to meet the metabolic requirements of the tissues.It can be caused by Trauma, Fear, Loss of Body Fluids or Allergic Reaction.

Identification / look out for:

Sweating
Reduced consciousness or unconscious
Confused and anxiety
Unresponsiveness
Rapid breathing
Rapid and weak pulse
Thirst
Pale cold clammy skin
Nausea and vomiting


What to do:

Loosen any tight clothing.

Ensure the patient is kept warm, but no artificial heat.

If the cause can be removed such as - bleeding / burns.

If no fracture make the patient lie down and raise and support his legs.

If unconscious place in Recovery Position.

Monitor and reassure the casualty

Seek immediate medical help / ambulance.
Do not:


Feed the patient by mouth inspite of thirst.
Make the patient stand up or walk or run.
Allow the patient to smoke.

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